'View Points' in photography are the different placements of objects in an image. Examples include; worm's eye view (camera facing upwards) and bird's eye view (camera facing downwards). This technique is used when aiming for a specific kind of feel when taking photographs.
The diagram below breaks down the information above, and shows how placement of the object is achieved.
My Experimentation
These photographs were taken using the worm's eye view.
These photographs were taken using bird's eye view.